Stove with baffle



April 1940- H. o. BERRY El AL 2,196 90 STOVE WITH BAFFLE Filed Jan. 10,1939 2' Sheets-Sheet 1 INVENTOR ATTOR EY P 1940- H. o; BERRY ET AL2,196,490

STOVE WITH BAFFLE Filed Jan. 10, 1939 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR BY a g d58% ATTORNEY u Na K 1 F m M r w l I 0 i m/ z u m a v 1 w M 6 PatentedApr. 9, 1940 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE STOVE WITH BAFFLE chusettsApplication January 10, 1939, Serial No. 250,106

'7 Claims. 126-40 This invention relates to stoves.

This invention is more particularly concerned.

with stoves utilizing oil burners of one type or another, especially thetype known as range oil burners which are well known in the art.

In certain forms of home-cooking stoves there is provided an oven whichis heated by hot gases circulated thereabout. One particular type ofstove is that in which range oil burners have been introduced in thefirebox in place of a coal or wood fire. In this type there is over thefirebox a stove top against which the heat from the burners impingesdirectly. Alongside of the firebox is the oven with fiues so arrangedthat is heat from the burners may travel laterally over the top of theoven, downwardly around the end and finally out through a flue to thechimney.

In the course of the operation of a stove of this type it is essentialthat there be fiues to permit the entrance of sufiicient air for propercombustion of the burner, and in the ordinary case the flues are of suchsize that more air enters the stove than is essential for propercombustion. As the hot gases rise from the burner they ordinarilycarry-with them a considerable quantity of adjacent air which is at amuch lower temperature, with the result that themixture of gases thatpass about the oven is at a lower tem.

perature than would be the case if the cooler air surrounding theburners could be excluded.

One of the objects of the invention, therefore, is to provide a 'stoveconstruction whereby, in a stove using range oil burners, the hot gasesthat ascend to impinge against the stove top and to subsequently passabout the oven will be of a higher than ordinary temperature.

Another object of the invention is to provide a stove construction thatwill be simple, cheap and easy to assemble, that will minimize theamount of cold air that may mix with the hot gaseous products ofcombustion.

Another object of the invention is to provide a stove constructionhaving all of the foregoing attributes but which will not interfere witheasy cleaning, adjustment or repair of the oil burners.

45 Another object of the invention is to provide means whereby theeffective temperature of the gases from the burners may be controlled byvarying the amount of cold air that may pass upwardly by the burners tomix with the heated products of combustion.

These and other objects of the invention will become apparent as thedescription of a preferred form of my invention proceeds with the aid ofthe accompanying drawings in which Fig. 1 is a perspective view of astove broken away in part showing the burners and improved baflleconstruction;

Fig. 2 is a vertical section on the line 2-2 of Fig. -l; I

Fig. 3 is a vertical fragmentary section on the line 3-3 of Fig. 1.

Referring to Fig. 1 which shows essential elements of the invention withthe outer parts of the stove broken away, there is a stove casing 2having a stove top 4, firebox 6, and oven 8.

In the firebox, as shown in Figs. 1 and 2, are mounted in any convenientfashion the range oil burners I0 of which there may be one or more. Inthe ordinary case it is customary to use two burners as they providesufficient heat for a stove of ordinary proportions. The oil supplyconnections are not shown as they constitute no part of this invention.

It will be noted that the oil burners are positioned directly under thestove top 4 and that there is a flue passage 12 which extends over thetop of oven 8.

At some convenient position in the firebox are provided the necessaryair entrance ports which may be positioned in a removable side doorwhich will fill the door frame l4 indicated in Figs. 1 and 2. Forconvenience the door and the flues have not been shown. However, it isunderstood that means is provided for the admission of air to thefirebox in order that combustion of the oil burners may be supported.

From the description thus far it will be apparent that, in the absenceof restraining means, the air surrounding the burners will be drawnupwardly by the ascending hot gases from the burners to mix with thosegases as they pass laterally through flue l2. This, of course, wouldreduce the average temperature of the gases, with the result that theoven temperature would be correspondingly lower.

By the invention, however, we contemplate controlling the amount of coldair which may mix with the hot gases, and this is done by the provisionof a baille l6 which is shown in its relationship to the stove and theburners in Figs. 1, 2 and 3. The baffle comprises one or more members ofmetal or other material suitable for the purpose and which may take theforms illustrated; The baflies I6 have apertures therethrough somewhatlarger than the diameter of the oil burners positioned therebelow. Thebaflles may be supported in any convenient manner, and in the caseshown, the flanges l8, which ex end longitudinally of the baflles fromthe front to the been found in practice that good results are obtainedwhen the distance between the outer circumference of the burner and thelower edge of the bame is about three-quarters of an inch.

In the construction shown, we have used a separate member in the form ofa short truncated cone 26 having a radially extending flange 28 whichrests on the edge of the hole through baflle l6.

Member 26 may have its vertical dimension as desired to vary theefl'ective space 30 between the lower edge and the burner l0.Furthermore, member 26 is removable so that the burner l0 may be readilyremoved through the larger hole of baiile l6 which is in-excess oi thediameter 01' the outer shell of the burner.

As indicated, the baflle itself may be readily removed for cleaning, byvirtue of the construction shown in which flange l8 merely rests onsupports and 24 and is not permanently secured thereto. However, ifdesired, the baflle l6 could be built in as an integral part of thestove with the members 26 remaining removable.

It is believed apparent that in the operation of a stove of the formshown the average temperature of the gas passing through the fluepassage l2 will be considerably higher than would .be the case werebaille l6 not utilized. The air necessary for the combustion of the oilburners enters the burner through the perforations in the burner shellsso that combustion is substantially complete by the time the gases havepassed from the burners. Therefore, the amount. of cold air passingupwardly outside the burners may be minimized as much as desired withoutaffecting the efilciency of combustion. The result of this baiileconstruction is that the average temperature of the gases impinging onstove top 4 and passing through the flue passage I 2 will be increased,thus improving the efllciency and performance of the stove.

Because of the increased efficiency, the burners may be operated at alower oil setting, or if operated at the same setting as heretofore, theheat available for cooking will be greater, with a corresponding savingin time.

By supplying a set of truncated cone members 26 of diflerent heights,the air passage may be varied to secure different results, depending onthe performance desired. But regardless of the particular member 26used, the ease with which oil burner l0 may be cleaned or adjusted willin no way be impaired as all of the members 26 will be readilyremovable.

While we have shown and described a preferred form of our invention, wewish it to be distinctly understood that we do not intend to be limitedthereby, but only by the appended claims.

We claim:

1. A baflle for use in a stove of the type described comprising a metalmember having as many openings therethrough as there may be burners insaid stove, means on the edges of said baflle for engagement withsuitable supporting means on said stove, said openings being larger thansaid burners, and a removable depending flange positioned in eachopening, each said flange being in the form of a short tube-and havingan annular rim at its upper portion for engagement with that part ofsaid bame forming the circumference of said hole.

2. A stove of the class described having an oven and a cooking top, apassage about said oven, 9. firebox, a plurality of burners in saidfirebox, said firebox being connected with the passage about said oven,a plurality of baifle sections in said firebox of the same number asthere are burners, said bames dividing the firebox into upper and lowerparts and being positioned generally at the top of said burners, each ofsaid baflle sections having an opening therethrough directly above eachof said burners, the eflective area between said bame sections andburners being relatively small whereby the amount of low temperature airfrom the lower part of said firebox that may pass into the upper part ofsaid firebox to mingle with products of combustion of said burner may bedefinitely limited, each ballle section adapted to be carried bysuitable supports in said stove and adjacent ends of said bafllesections constructed to engage each other to form a relatively gas-tightjoint.

3. A stove of the class described, having an oven and a cooking top, apassage about said oven, a firebox, a burner in said firebox, saidfirebox being connected withthe passage about said oven, a bathe in saidfirebox dividing the latter into upper and lower parts and positionedgenerally at the top of said burner but spaced there- 7 from, saidbaffle having an opening therethrough directly above said burner, saidopening being sufficiently larger than said burner to permit easy accessto and removability of the latter, said baffle having a removabledepending circular flange positioned in said baffle opening, the loweredge of said flange being in close proximity to the circumference ofsaid burner to form a relatively small effective area between saidbattle and burner whereby the amount of low temperature air from thelower part of said firebox that may pass into the upper part of saidfirebox to mingle with products of combustion of said burner may bedefinitely limited.

4. The construction as set forth in claim 3, in which the bafflecomprises a generally horizontal metal member, supporting means for saidbaille on said stove and said oven, and said flange being in the form ofa truncated cone.

5. A stove of the class described, having an oven and a cooking top, apassage about said oven, 2. firebox, a perforated shell type burner insaid firebox, said firebox being connected with the passage about saidoven, a baflle in said firebox divlding the latter into upper and lowerparts and positioned generally at the top of said burner and spacedtherefrom, said bafile having an opening therethrough directly abovesaid burner, the minimum diameter of said opening being sufllcientlylarger than said burner to permit access to and removability of thelatter, the edge of the baffie forming the circumferential boundary ofsaid opening being in close proximity to the circumference of saidburner to form a relatively small effective area between said baflie andburner whereby the amount of low temperature air from the lower part ofsaid firebox that may pass into the upper part of said firebox to minglewith products of combustion of said burner may be definitely limited.

6. A stove of the class described, having an oven and a cooking top, apassage about said 5 oven, a firebox, a burner in said firebox, saidfirefrom; said baflie' having an opening therethrough directly abovesaid burner and a flange depending therefrom, the interior. diameter ofsaid flange being sufficiently larger than said burner to permit accessto and removability of the latter, the

- lower edge of said flange being in close proximity to thecircumference of said burner to form a ,and burner whereby the ature airfrom the lower part of said firebox that relatively small efiective areabetween said baflie amount of low temper- [may pass i'ntothe upper partof said firebox to mingle with products of combustion of said burner maybe definitely limited.

'7. A battle for use in a stove of the type described and utilizing aperforated shell type burner, comprising a metal member having as manyopenings therethrough as there may be burners in said stove, the edgesof said bafile adapted for engagement with suitable supportingmeans onsaid stove, each said opening being bounded by a flange depending fromsaid bailie, each said flange being in the form of a short invertedconical-shaped tube having an internal diameter great enough to permitaccess to and removal therethrough of the burner thereunder withoutdisturbing the position of said baflle.

HAROLD o. BERRY. rnnononn w. KAPPLER.

